The Specificity of Innovative Activity in a Vertically Integrated Oil Companies
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The importance of the petroleum sector in the domestic economy today cannot be overestimated in connection with its role as a revenue generating industry, which is especially relevant the study of specific features of innovative directions in development of the industry and improve its competitiveness and economic efficiency. The article deals with the specifics of innovative activity in a vertically integrated oil companies, consisting of its own research base, the active use of the mechanisms with foreign technology borrowing, acquisition of assets from related industries and organization of joint projects and the establishment of joint innovative companies developing innovative technologies. All this has allowed the authors to substantiate the benefits of the organizational form of the vertically integrated oil companies, including the concentration of all types of resources, the formation of personnel motivation system, reduction of transaction costs, more efficient information exchange, minimize innovative risks and several others. Management system within the vertically integrated oil companies helps to ensure an adequate level of structure management, integrating technological and management options of innovative activity. This article is intended for researchers, teachers and undergraduates studying the specificity of innovative activity in a vertically integrated oil companies, and managers of oil companies, who is developing the strategy of innovative development.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".