Evidence Of Impaired Age-Expected Growth And Atrophy Of The Cerebellum In Pediatric Patients With Monophasic Acquired Demyelinating Syndrome And Multiple Sclerosis (S60.001)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the impact of a monophasic acquired demyelinating syndrome (monoADS) and pediatric-onset MS on the cerebellum in a longitudinal cohort of pediatric patients. Background: Recent studies have shown that in comparison to adult-onset multiple sclerosis (MS) there are more inflammatory lesions in the posterior fossa of pediatric-onset patients. Methodology: A newly developed automatic segmentation pipeline for cerebellum, using a template library and patch-based label-fusion, was used to segment cerebellar grey (CGV) and white matter volumes (CWV) from 449 longitudinal MRI scans (3m to 2y intervals) from 69 CIS and 24 MS patients (53 girls; mean age at onset 11.2 ± SD 3.4 years; mean follow-up 2.99 years). Mixed effect models were calculated using age, sex and diagnosis as well as presence of infratentorial lesions as fixed effects, and using random intercept and slope terms to account for within-subject variability of volumes. Results: MonoADS and MS patients, all showed inverted u-shaped developmental trajectories for total cerebellar volume (TCV) and CGV, peaking around 13y for girls and 17y for boys and then declining. In all cases, males had significantly larger volumes compared to females (p < 0.01). Significant age-by-gender effect was seen for CGV (p=0.001). Furthermore, a significant age-by-diagnosis interaction (p=0.005) was found for CWV, showing a reduction of CWV in MS patients, whereas the CWV plateaus in monoADS patients over time. The effect of infratentorial lesions was significantly different between groups (p=0.04), with CWV affected only in the MS group. Conclusion: MonoADS and MS in childhood leads to impaired age-expected growth of the cerebellum and atrophy possibly influencing sensori-motor and cognitive development. The presence of infratentorial lesions at this stage influences white matter growth in MS patients.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".