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Finding the engram

2015· review· en· 708 citations· W1591199750 on OpenAlex· 10.1038/nrn4000

Why is this work in the frame?

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

Canadian affiliationAn author listed a Canadian institution. This is the only route the usual frame has.
Canadian funderA Canadian agency funded it. The work may carry no Canadian affiliation at all.

Classifier prediction

metacan-v1-d91a1de5be90

Predictions imitate two machine teachers. Scores are not calibrated prevalence probabilities.

Classifier candidate
MetaresearchBench or experimentalNot applicable
Classifier consensus
Bench or experimental
Teacher imitation scores

Codex

Other design0.932
Bench or experimental0.144
Metaresearch0.138
Not applicable0.026
Theoretical or conceptual0.014
Systematic review0.005
Open science0.004
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.003
Research integrity0.002
Scholarly communication0.001
Bibliometrics0.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.000
Meta-analysis0.000
Science and technology studies0.000
Case report0.000
Non-randomized trial0.000
Randomized trial0.000
Observational0.000
Qualitative0.000
Simulation or modelling0.000

Gemma

Not applicable0.998
Bench or experimental0.097
Metaresearch0.011
Systematic review0.007
Research integrity0.002
Theoretical or conceptual0.001
Bibliometrics0.001
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.001
Open science0.001
Science and technology studies0.000
Meta-analysis0.000
Case report0.000
Scholarly communication0.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.000
Simulation or modelling0.000
Randomized trial0.000
Non-randomized trial0.000
Observational0.000
Qualitative0.000

Machine scores (provisional)

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Opus teacher head0.426
GPT teacher head0.480
Teacher spread
0.055 how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation status
score_only:v0-immature-baseline verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Abstract

Many attempts have been made to localize the physical trace of a memory, or engram, in the brain. However, until recently, engrams have remained largely elusive. In this Review, we develop four defining criteria that enable us to critically assess the recent progress that has been made towards finding the engram. Recent 'capture' studies use novel approaches to tag populations of neurons that are active during memory encoding, thereby allowing these engram-associated neurons to be manipulated at later times. We propose that findings from these capture studies represent considerable progress in allowing us to observe, erase and express the engram.

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