Bibliographic record
Abstract
Letters16 June 2015Sedentary Time and Risk for MortalityAviroop Biswas, BSc and David A. Alter, MD, PhDAviroop Biswas, BScFrom Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; and Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. and David A. Alter, MD, PhDFrom Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; and Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.Author, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/L15-5060-2 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:We acknowledge the concerns of Drs. Urushidani and Kuriyama about our study's heterogeneity. Indeed, we focused much of our Discussion section to factors that may have contributed to heterogeneity.First, we agree that smaller sample sizes of 2 studies (1, 2) may exaggerate point estimates. Nonetheless, most studies based on large cohorts (all but 2 studies that we included were based on >500 participants) show a consistent positive association; as such, the precision of effect size should not change sufficiently to merit further examination.Second, excluding studies at risk for attrition bias may be helpful, but conclusions could ...References1. George ES, Rosenkranz RR, Kolt GS. Chronic disease and sitting time in middle-aged Australian males: findings from the 45 and Up Study. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2013;10:20. [PMID: 23394382] doi:10.1186/1479-5868-10-20 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. Pavey TG, Peeters GG, Brown WJ. Sitting-time and 9-year all-cause mortality in older women. Br J Sports Med. 2015;49:95-9. [PMID: 23243009] doi:10.1136/bjsports-2012-091676 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. van der Ploeg HP, Chey T, Korda RJ, Banks E, Bauman A. Sitting time and all-cause mortality risk in 222 497 Australian adults. Arch Intern Med. 2012;172:494-500. [PMID: 22450936] doi:10.1001/archinternmed.2011.2174 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; and Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.Disclosures: Authors have disclosed no conflicts of interest. Forms can be viewed at www.acponline.org/authors/icmje/ConflictOf InterestForms.do?msNum=M14-1651. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoSedentary Time and Its Association With Risk for Disease Incidence, Mortality, and Hospitalization in Adults Aviroop Biswas , Paul I. Oh , Guy E. Faulkner , Ravi R. Bajaj , Michael A. Silver , Marc S. Mitchell , and David A. Alter Sedentary Time and Its Association With Risk for Disease Incidence, Mortality, and Hospitalization in Adults Aviroop Biswas , Paul I. Oh , Guy E. Faulkner , Ravi R. Bajaj , Michael A. Silver , Marc S. Mitchell , and David A. Alter Sedentary Time and Risk for Mortality Seigo Urushidani and Akira Kuriyama Sedentary Time and Risk for Mortality Seigo Urushidani and Akira Kuriyama Metrics Cited byAssociation of Quality of Life With Moderate-to-Vigorous Physical Activity After Anterior Cruciate Ligament ReconstructionReducing sedentary behaviour and cognitive function in older people with Mild Cognitive Impairment: Results of a randomized feasibility studyWearable Activity Monitoring in Day-to-Day Stroke Care: A Promising Tool but Not Widely UsedReducing sedentary behaviour and cognitive function in community-dwelling older people: Study protocol for a randomized feasibility studySedentary behaviours and cognitive function among community dwelling adults aged 50+ years: Results from the Irish longitudinal study of ageingSedentary behaviours, cognitive function, and possible mechanisms in older adults: a systematic reviewThe Role of the Environment in Sedentary Behavior in Community-Dwelling Older AdultsValidity of objective methods for measuring sedentary behaviour in older adults: a systematic reviewThe Relationship Between Physical Activity and Dementia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Prospective Cohort StudiesPhysical activity and sedentary behavior in patients with Systemic Lupus ErythematosusObjectively Measured Physical Activity in Patients After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction 16 June 2015Volume 162, Issue 12Page: 875-876KeywordsCohort studiesConflicts of interestDisclosureForecastingInformation retrievalMortality ePublished: 16 June 2015 Issue Published: 16 June 2015 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2015 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.028 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.004 | 0.004 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.059 | 0.008 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".