Identifying deliberate self-harm in emergency department data.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Emergency department data offer more representative deliberate self-harm (DSH) information than inpatient admission data. However, emergency department data may underestimate DSH if some records coded "undetermined" (UD) represent DSH. DATA AND METHODS: The data are from the National Ambulatory Care Reporting System. A total of 24,437 Ontario emergency department records for 2001/2002, coded DSH or UD, were analyzed. Age- and sex-specific estimates were compared under alternative DSH definitions. RESULTS: For every two emergency department presentations coded DSH, another was coded UD. Cut/Pierce injuries and poisonings coded UD appeared to represent DSH more often than did UD presentations involving other injuries. Among index episodes coded UD, the rate of subsequent DSH presentation was nearly ten times higher when cut/pierce injury or poisoning was involved. Including presentations coded UD among those coded DSH increased the 12-month cumulative incidence of DSH by up to 60%. INTERPRETATION: Some emergency department presentations coded UD likely represent DSH.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.009 | 0.064 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.005 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".