Bibliographic record
Abstract
Recording Culture: Powwow Music and the Aboriginal Recording Industry. By Christopher A. Scales. Durham: Duke University Press, 2012. 368pp (softcover). Illustrations, CD, Notes, Index. ISBN 978-0-8223-5338-6. $24.95 Christopher Scales' book is a published version of his dissertation and offers the reader a look into one geographic region of Northern Plains powwow culture and its associated recording industry. In addition to the discussion of performative powwow culture, Scales has provided the reader with a CD of recorded powwow music, which he uses to illustrate many of his points regarding the nuances, performance, and recording of Aboriginal music. Recording Culture is split into two sections: The first is a synopsis of things Northern Plains powwow: dance styles, song types, major players, etc. Scales discusses how individuals exist as Aboriginal people within multiple powwow contexts--traditional/local and contemporary/intertribal/contest--and how culture and identity can be performed and accessed in any of these situations. The novice powwow scholar should not rely on this book as a stand-alone source on powwow dancing, powwow music, or powwow culture. Taking this book into consideration along with other significant sources on the topic--Ellis, Lassiter, and Dunham 2005, Browner 2002, Black Bear and Theisz 1976, Ellis 2003, Lassiter 1998--is highly recommended. It is advised to appreciate this as a recent historical artifact of powwow culture in southern Canada. It is important to remember that the stories, explanations, and views expressed in this book are based on feedback from a small number of individuals, all of whom represent the same general geographic area in the Northern Plains. Part II provides the reader with an in-depth, first hand description of aspects of recording powwow and Indigenous music (both and contemporary), the recording industry, and how one navigates between the performance and mediation of culture. This section explores Scales' experiences in and out of the recording studio, in the field, and as a participant observer of the recording, production, and marketing business. Scales offers a unique perspective, writing about this topic both as an ethnomusicologist and as a knowledgeable technician. The strength of this section is in its discussion of the mediation of culture; how performative culture is engineered by certain individuals to a point that is seen as the most profitable intersection between authenticity and marketability While there are many books that deal with powwow culture, powwow dancing, and powwow musical performance, there are virtually no recent resources that deal with the recording, production, and marketing aspects of modern Indigenous music, both contemporary (new-age, rock, blues, hip-hop) and traditional forms (powwow, round dance/ hand drum, Native American Church). …
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.030 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".