From Braceros to Pineros: Labour, Migration, and Changing Geographic and Social Landscapes in the United States
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In WHy CybrAceros? (1997), filmmaker Alex Rivera creates a short satire of labour importation by mocking the marketing film distributed by the California Grower’s Council, Why Braceros? (1959), which promoted to a mainstream audience the rationale for a guestworker program. Rivera references the arguments made for a necessary labouring body and mocks the reality of the importation program that demanded a cheap and docile labour force. Why Cybraceros? revamps the program to extract labour without employing actual bodies, and subsequently eliminates the problems that accompany the employment of real workers. Why Cybraceros? instead offers an alternative labour importation program that extracts Mexican labour for American farms without the bodies of the workers. This short film provides the premise for Rivera’s later film, Sleep Dealer (2008), a sci-fi movie that futuristically captures the desire of industries to extract the labour of Mexican bodies without the workers, without their lives. The three books reviewed in this essay – They review essay / note critique
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.009 | 0.008 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.006 | 0.004 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.005 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.007 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".