Synthesis of Building Blocks and Oligonucleotides Containing {T}<i>O</i><sup>4</sup>‐Alkylene‐<i>O</i><sup>4</sup>{T} Interstrand Cross‐Links
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This protocol describes the preparation of O(4)-thymidine-alkylene-O(4)-thymidine dimer bis-phosphoramidites and precursors for incorporation into DNA sequences to produce site-specific DNA interstrand cross-links. Linkers are introduced at the 4-position of thymidine by reacting the sodium salt of a diol with a pyrimidinyl-convertible nucleoside to produce mono-adducts, which then undergo reaction with a stoichiometric equivalent of a pyrimidinyl-convertible nucleoside under basic conditions to form O(4)-thymidine-alkylene-O(4)-thymidine dimers. Bis-phosphoramidites are incorporated into oligonucleotides by solid-phase synthesis, and mild conditions for deprotection and cleavage from the solid support are employed to prevent degradation of the thymidine modifications. Purification of these cross-linked oligonucleotides is performed by denaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. This approach allows for the preparation of cross-linked DNA substrates in quantities and purity sufficient for a wide range of biophysical experiments and biochemical studies as substrates to investigate DNA repair pathways.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.007 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".