Estrategias de Resistencia en los Españoles Deportados a los Campos de Concentración Nazis
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Despues de la Guerra Civil espanola, un numero aproximado de 10.000 republicanos espanoles que se encontraban en suelo frances, fueron capturados por los alemanes durante la Ocupacion y deportados a los campos nazis en calidad de apatridas. A pesar de esta consideracion, los espanoles fueron clasificados como Rotspanier (rojo espanol), descubriendose como esencial su practica politica antifascista. Este compromiso politico no desaparece en los campos nazis sino que constituye el germen de la organizacion de la resistencia y uno de los temas centrales de la literatura de los espanoles supervivientes. Este articulo parte fundamentalmente del analisis de la novela testimonial K.L. Reich de Joaquim Amat-Piniella para mostrar el valor de la resistencia clandestina y el de la literatura en tanto que vehiculo para transmitir la voz de los vencidos y contrarrestar el peso de la historia oficial. Palabras Clave: espanoles y Holocausto - historia de los vencidos - Joaquim Amat-Piniella - Jorge Semprun - Literatura espanola de los campos nazis ______________________________ Strategies Of Resistance In The Spanish Deported To The Nazi Concentration Camps Abstract After the Spanish Civil War, some 10.000 Spaniards belonging to the defeated Republican side already in France soil, were captured by the Germans during the Occupation and deported to various nazi camps under the label of “stateless” people. In spite of this, Spaniards were classified as Rotspanier (Spanish Red) making obvious the importance of their previous political antifascist practice. This political engagement not only does not disappear in nazi camps but it becomes the departing point for the organization of the resistance and one of the main topics of the literature of the Spanish survivors. This article departs from the analysis of K.L. Reich by Joaquim Amat-Piniella to show the value of the clandestine resistance. At the same time the article shows the value of literature as vehicle to transmit the voice of the defeated and as resistence to the official history. Keywords: history of the defeated - Joaquim Amat-Piniella - Jorge Semprun - Spaniards and the Holocaust - Spanish literature of nazi concentration camps _______________________ Adquirir en formato electronico en Marcial Pons (numeros completos o articulos individuales) Adquirir en formato papel en Marcial Pons
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.006 | 0.010 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.005 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.010 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".