Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract: We employ a 1D rational river regime model, UBCRM, to predict the equilibrium form of the Peace River channel under the regulated flow regime. The upper river (the cobble-gravel reach above the Smoky River confluence) is predicted to adopt a width that is about 50% smaller than the pre-regulation width, while the lower river (the sandy gravel and sand-bed reaches below Smoky River) is predicted to shrink by about 30%. These results are similar to those predicted from empirical hydraulic geometry. After 40 years of regulated flows, no reach has approached the predicted state and Alberta Reach 2 (immediately below Smoky River) has not contracted at all because of seasonal ice scour effects. With very low bed material transport in the regulated regime in the upper river, most of the adjustment of the channel is a morphodynamically passive process, with the progradation of riparian vegetation being the main indicator of adjustment. On the basis of changes observed since regulation, this process is predicted to require of order a century to be completed. Adjustment of the long profile, necessarily entailing sediment redistribution along the river, will require much longer. Semi-theoretical predictions suggest that, due to the absence of bedload transport in the upper river in normal regime conditions, complete morphodynamic adjustment may never occur. In fact, occasional extraordinary flood flows may eventually effect substantial adjustment, but the time scale is on the order of 104 years, far beyond the lifetime of the regulating project. After width adjustments near completion, further changes due to the flow regulation will be indistinguishable from other effects of a fluctuating riverine environment.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.006 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".