Bibliographic record
Abstract
Visual history is well known to affect perception. If one fixates a grating pattern tilted left of the vertical for 30 s, and then looks at a vertical grating, the vertical lines usually appear slightly tilted to the right. This classical visual illusion known as the tilt after-effect was used among many other erroneous representations of the external environment to explore the mechanisms of perception. At the neuronal level, repeated or prolonged exposure to a stimulus (adaptation) is classically known to reduce neurones' responsiveness to the same stimulus. This effect can last from a few seconds to several minutes. While adaptation is associated with perceptual mistakes such as visual illusions, it also often correlates with improved stimulus discrimination and a broadening of the perceptual range. Even though adaptation has been extensively studied, we are still a long way from explaining normal visual performance as well as many adaptation-related visual illusions. We discuss here a recent study of adaptation to image speed published in The Journal of Physiology by Hietanen et al. (2007) that furthers the understanding of adaptation in the visual system.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.018 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.007 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.004 | 0.005 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.007 | 0.006 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".