Bibliographic record
Abstract
Although historians have debated the social, political, and economic consequences of Newfoundland’s decision to join Canada in 1949, very little attention has been devoted to the repercussions of such a change for the new province’s health care system. This essay explores post-war policy debates and initiatives that emerged in the 1950s and 1960s that dealt with shortages of doctors and nurses, the cottage hospital system and its critics, the arrival of hospital insurance, the recommendations of two Royal Commissions and the implementation of universal health insurance. The essay concludes with a discussion of the debate over Medicare that illustrates the tensions and negotiations among the stakeholders, primarily government and the medical profession. These debates reflect earlier tensions between proponents of centralized control and decentralized health care delivery, between local and external models for the health care system, and a continuing focus on shortages of medical personnel as well as the effect of socio-economic conditions on health. Developments in health care post-Confederation form part of a broad modernization thrust with significant and unique challenges for Newfoundland.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".