An apoptotic signaling pathway activated by Nod1
Bibliographic record
Abstract
IntroductionThe Bone and Joint Monitor Project was developed to quantify the global burden of musculoskeletal conditions and develop strategies for their prevention.Experts within the Monitor Project have worked previously with officers at the World Health Organization (WHO) to estimate morbidity and mortality associated with rheumatic conditions.The present collaboration seeks means of providing additional and more current burden data.Objective To develop recommendations for performing epidemiological studies in sample populations with musculoskeletal conditions and problems, accounting for determinants and consequences to the individual and society.Methods Recommendations have been developed identifying the most relevant domains for measuring and monitoring the various musculoskeletal conditions by review of epidemiological data on occurrence, determinants and outcomes, and by expert opinion.Instruments that measure these domains were reviewed. ResultsThe domains recommended follow the principles of the WHO International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health [1,2], and consider: health condition; body function and structure; activity limitation; participation restriction; personal and environmental contextual factors; and, in addition, the resource utilisation and social consequences.The musculoskeletal conditions and problems considered were osteoarthitis, inflammatory arthritis, osteoporosis, spinal problems, musculoskeletal trauma and injuries, and musculoskeletal pain with restricted activity.The selection of indicators for each domain considered the feasibility of their use in a health interview survey (HIS), a health examination survey (HES), a register or a clinical study.Consensus on case definition was reached depending on the study methodology.For example, osteoporosis defined by bone densitometry cannot be ascertained in an HIS, whereas the outcome of osteoporosis (i.e.fragility fracture) can be.Osteoarthitis can be identified as joint pain in an HIS but the preferred definition is pain with X-ray changes and can only be ascertained in an HES.Previously validated generic and disease-specific instruments have been identified that include indicators for all or most of the recommended domains for the consequences of the different conditions and problems.The indicators of the domains for resource utilisation and social consequences and feasibility for col-lection will vary in different socioeconomic and geographic areas.Guidance on sampling methods is also being developed.Conclusions The comparability of data collected across the globe will improve by the application of agreed upon indicators that consider key domains for the different musculoskeletal conditions and problems in epidemiological studies conducted in different populations.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.003 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".