Type I interferon induces necroptosis in macrophages during Salmonella Typhimurium infection (117.8)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Salmonella typhimurium (ST) is a virulent pathogen that induces rapid host-fatality. We observed that host-survival was enhanced in the absence of IFN-I signalling. Cell-transfer experiments indicated that increased survival of IFN-IR-deficient mice was attributed to efficient control of ST by macrophages. While there was no impairment in inflammasome activation in IFN-IR-deficient macrophages they were highly resistant to ST-induced cell-death. Specific inhibition of receptor interacting protein kinase-1 (RIP-1), or knock-down of RIP-3 prevented the death of wild-type macrophages, implicating necroptosis as a mechanism of cell-death. Furthermore, RIP-3-deficient mice, lacking necroptosis, displayed reduced macrophage-death and enhanced control of ST in vivo. Finally, IFN-I signalling directly induced RIP-1 phosphorylation in macrophages. Thus, ST exploits IFN-I-signalling to activate necroptosis of macrophages and promote immune-evasion.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".