Research Progress of Complex Electric Power Systems: Graph Theory Approach
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Electric power system is one of the most complex artificial systems in this world, which safe, steady, economical and reliable operation plays a very important part in guaranteeing socioeconomic development, even in safeguarding social stability. In early 2008, the infrequent disaster of snow and ice that occurred in the south of China had confirmed it again. The complexity of electric power system is determined by its characteristics about constitution, configuration, operation, organization, etc., which has caused many disastrous accidents, such as the large-scale blackout of America-Canada electric power system on August 14, 2003, the large-scale blackout of Italy electric power system on September 28, 2003. In order to resolve this complex and difficult problem, some methods and technologies that can reflect modern science and technology level have been introduced into this domain, such as computer and communication technology, control technology, superconduct and new materials technology and so on. Obviously, no matter what we adopt new analytical method or technical means, we must have a distinct recognition of electric power system itself and its complexity, and increase continuously analysis, operation and control level
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".