Effect of Resveratrol on Cardiovascular and Metabolic Function in Adult Male and Female Offspring Born Intrauterine Growth Restricted
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background Several studies have shown that intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) predisposes offspring to develop metabolic and cardiovascular disorders in later life. Resveratrol (Resv) has been shown to improve these disorders in adult male IUGR rat offspring. We aim to identify the ability of Resv to prevent cardiovascular and metabolic dysfunction in female IUGR offspring. Methods: Male and female, control or IUGR rat offspring (born from dams exposed to hypoxia; 11% O2 in the last third of pregnancy) were fed a high-fat (HF) diet or a HF diet with Resv (4g/kg of diet) from 3-12 weeks of age. Metabolic and cardiac functions were assessed using a glucose tolerance test, echo MRI and a Langendorff heart system (ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury). Cardiac superoxide and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) protein levels were assessed using DHE staining and Western blot. Results: Glucose tolerance was impaired in only male IUGR offspring and improved by Resv. In female IUGR offspring, cardiac power after I/R injury was decreased (Control-HF 78.67 ± 3.86 vs IUGR-HF 40.68 ± 11.20 joules.min-1g dry wt-1, P<0.05 ) and improved by Resv (Control-HF+Resv 73.71±2.11; IUGR-HF+Resv 76.65 ± 8.59 joules.min-1g dry wt-1, P<0.05). Similar effects were found in male IUGR offspring. In female IUGR offspring, Resv attenuated superoxide and increased eNOS protein levels in cardiac tissue. Conclusion Prenatal hypoxia and postnatal HF diet exacerbate cardiac and metabolic dysfunction in young adults, which may be improved by Resv treatment. Sex differences in susceptibility to metabolic dysfunction, however, need to be further explored.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".