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Record W1606753999

Economic Geology Models 2. Melt Inclusions of Native Silver and Native Bismuth: A Re-examination of Possible Mechanisms for Metal Enrichment in Five-Element Deposits

2008· article· en· W1606753999 on OpenAlexaffvenueabout
Dan Marshall

Bibliographic record

VenueGeoscience Canada · 2008
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldEarth and Planetary Sciences
TopicGeological and Geochemical Analysis
Canadian institutionsSimon Fraser University
Fundersnot available
KeywordsCobaltBismuthMelt inclusionsFluid inclusionsGeologyInclusion (mineral)MineralogyPetrographyQuartzBase metalGeochemistryMetallurgyMaterials scienceOlivine
DOInot available

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

This paper presents preliminary observations on veinlets and trails of native bismuth and silver melt inclusion that cross-cut silicate and carbonate vein fill and alteration minerals in the five-element veins at Cobalt, Canada. The low melting temperature of bismuth (271°C) is consistent with the current estimates of vein formation at Cobalt, and melt textures are displayed in native bismuth inclusions and trails. Native silver displays identical textures and these are also interpreted to have formed from a melt. However, native silver melts above 950°C, which is in direct conflict with current estimates of silver deposition within the Cobalt camp. In light of the similarities in textures, existing temperature evidence, the lack of experimental studies in the Co–As–Ag ternary, and recent advances in the study of melt inclusions in sulfide deposits, the native silver textures are also interpreted to have formed at temperatures as low at 350°C. A primary three-phase fluid inclusion assemblage contained within growth-zoned quartz crystals in the granophyric phase of the Nipissing diabase was chosen as representative of the highest temperature fluids responsible for ore deposition at Cobalt. This fluid inclusion assemblage displays microthermometric behaviour similar to the hypersaline fluid inclusions previously determined as the transporting medium for the silver mineralization at Cobalt and are consistent with depositional temperatures of about 350°C. These temperatures, although sufficient to produce melt inclusions of native bismuth, are insufficient to melt silver. Petrography and solid inclusion textures are consistent with metallic silver melts, indicating that Ag–Sb–Hg ternary or more complex silver-bearing systems containing H2O, H2S and salts may have eutectics at temperatures below 350°C. This is interpreted as a potential mechanism for silver mobilization and enrichment, and has potential applications to other types of vein mineralization. SOMMAIRE L'article suivant decrit des observations preliminaires effectuees sur des filon-nets mineralises et des trainees d'inclusions vitreuses de bismuth et d'argent natifs recoupant les carbonates et les silicates de remplissage des filons ainsi que les mineraux d'alteration des filons a cinq elements a Cobalt, Canada. La basse temperature de fusion du bismuth (271°C) concorde avec les inter-pretations actuelles sur la formation des filons a Cobalt, ainsi qu'avec les textures de fusion visibles tant dans le bismuth natif que dans les trainees. L'argent natif montre aussi des textures identiques, lesquelles sont aussi comprises comme des indices de fusion. Cela dit, la temperature de fusion de l'argent natif depasse 950°C, ce qui contredit carrement les estimations courantes concernant les depots d'argent dans le camp minier de Cobalt. Considerant la similarite des textures, les indications de temperature, le manque d'etudes experimentales sur le comportement du syseme ternaire Co–As–Ag, et de percees recentes dans le cadre d'etudes d'inclusions fluides dans des gisements de sulfures, nous estimons qu'il est raisonnable de penser que les textures d'argent natifs ont pu se former a des temperatures aussi basse que 350°C. Un assemblage primaire a trois phases d'inclusions fluides au sein de cristaux de quartz a zones de croissance de la phase granophyrique de la diabase de Nipissing a ete retenu comme indicateur de la temperature maximale des fluides a l'origine de la formation du gisement de Cobalt. Cet assemblage d'inclusions fluides affiche un comportement microthermometrique semblable a celui des inclusions hypersaline dont on a montre precedemment qu'il avait ete le transporteur de la mineralisation d'ar-gent de Cobalt et qui correspond a des temperatures de formation d'a peu pres 350°C. Bien que ces temperatures soient suffisantes pour expliquer la formation d'inclusions vitreuses de bismuth natif, elles ne peuvent expliquer la fusion de l'argent. Les donnees petrographiques et les textures des inclusions solides justifient l'hypothese de fusion de l'argent metal, et permet-tent de croire que le systeme ternaire Ag–Sb–Hg ou des systemes argentiferes plus complexes renfermant de H2O, H2S et des sels peuvent avoir des points eutectiques a des temperatures inferieures a 350°C. Nous pensons qu'il pourrait s'agir de mecanismes de mobilisation et d'enrichissement de l'argent, et qu'il pourrait etre considerer dans d'autres cas de mineralisation filonienne.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

How this classification was reachedexpand

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Observational · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.236
Threshold uncertainty score0.316

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.015
GPT teacher head0.203
Teacher spread0.188 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Classification

machine, unvalidated

Machine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.

The models applied no category: nothing in the taxonomy fit this work.
Study designObservational
Domainnot available
GenreEmpirical

How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".

Quick stats

Citations3
Published2008
Admission routes3
Has abstractyes

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