Children from Immigrant Families – Adaptaion, Development, and Resilience. Current Trends in the Study of Migration in Europe
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Much of our knowledge on immigration and adaptation processes is based on studies of migration from the “old world” to the “new world”. According to Berry (2003), research revealed that neither assimilation nor separation nor marginalization but integration is the strategy preferred by most immigrants. Berry describes the integration strategy as maintaining interest in daily interactions with members of the own ethno-cultural group while at the same time seeking participation within the larger society. Over the course of two or three generations, immigrants are likely to become an integral part of the U.S., Canada, or Australia, either undistinguishable from the majority society or as part of the minority society (Portes & Rumbaut, 2001). One exception to this pattern is the increasing number of transnational immigrants. They are comprised of individuals or families who move back and forth across borders, often for business reasons without establishing a permanent residence (Fuligni, 2010). For most others, the familiar hyphenated identity indicates only the ethnic background (e.g., African-American, ItalianAmerican, Native-American) while the main emphasis is on being American. However, there are some strong indicators that acculturation processes of inter-European migration today manifest a slightly different pattern when compared to migration fromEurope in the past centuries. Rather than becoming an integral part of the host society and valuing their newly acquired citizenship, interEuropean migrants may choose to become an integral part of both host and origin societies. These immigrants and their offspring have the option of staying connected not only with the ethno-cultural group in the receiving country but also with the country of origin, including the former’s political and societal institutions. Close proximity between the country of emigration and the country of immigration, inexpensive flights, lengthy vacations of at least one month per year as well as modern media facilitate the contact to the country of origin. One indicator for this trend towards a new and possibly unique European cultural identity of immigrants is the preference of migrants to acquire and to maintain dual citizenships. This new type of hybrid identity could be seen as a problem, for instance as not being at home in either country, being a stranger in both countries, or as “sitting between two chairs” (as formulated in the German language). However, this is not the case, and it appears to be a possible pathway preferred by many new European immigrants.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".