Validation of a model to predict fish passage mortality in pumping stations
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A total of 1253 live cyprinids and eel were exposed to a centrifugal pump to study fish damage rates in a wide operating range. The observed types of injuries were consistent with a mechanical cause of damage. The measured mortality rates for cyprinids show a fair agreement with a blade strike model based on empirical data by Electric Power Research Institute. Analysis of the experiments with eel led to a new correlation for the blade mortality ratio for this species; lethal injury rate is shown to be zero up to a strike velocity of 8 m·s–1 and increases linearly to 42% for a strike velocity of 15 m·s–1. Use was made of video recordings that provided valuable information on the orientation and distribution of fish approaching the impeller. Results are presented using a new method to visualize fish mortality from a pump in its entire operating range using graphs of pressure head versus flow rate. The theory of pump hydrodynamics is used to derive a method to scale results of fish damage rate, obtained either by a model or by experiments, to different pump sizes, shaft speeds, or fish lengths. This will prove essential for a valid interpretation of pump experiments with fish.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".