The Study of Morphological, Syntactic, and Semantic Errors Made by Native Speakers of Persian and English Children
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This study tried to analyze the errors made by Persian-speaking learners of English and English children learning English as their mother tongue. The researcher analyzed errors according to surface strategy taxonomy rather than comparative taxonomy. To do this study, the researcher selected 40 homogenous Persian-speaking learners of English and administered an elicitation test to the participants. The instrument for elicitation test were two pictures one related to US war against Iraq and Nouroz as the most popular national holiday in Iran. The participants were asked to write an essay type composition based on their background knowledge about the pictures. Then, the errors in their writing were extracted and analyzed. Descriptive statistics and chi-square were used to analyze data. According to the results, no significant difference was found among errors made by Persian-speakers learning English and English children learning English as their mother tongue. Key words: Morphological; Syntactic; Semantic; Native Speakers
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.015 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".