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Record W1622507769 · doi:10.3917/rfas.021.0073

Portée et limites de la réforme de l'aide sociale aux États-Unis

2002· article· fr· W1622507769 on OpenAlexaff
Christel Gilles, Antoine Parent

Bibliographic record

VenueRevue française des affaires sociales · 2002
Typearticle
Languagefr
FieldSocial Sciences
TopicGender, Labor, and Family Dynamics
Canadian institutionsMusée de la Civilisation
Fundersnot available
KeywordsHumanitiesPolitical sciencePhilosophy

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Résumé La réforme de l’aide sociale, votée le 22 août 1996, instaure à l’échelle fédérale un système de Workfare pour les bénéficiaires de l’aide sociale. Cette loi est un élément d’une stratégie d’ensemble de lutte contre la pauvreté mise en place au début des années quatre-vingt-dix dans un contexte de croissance économique élevée et ayant pour objectif le retour à l’emploi des allocataires de l’aide sociale. À partir d’un survey de littérature économique récente tentant de dissocier les effets de la croissance économique et des réformes sur trois indicateurs : le nombre d’allocataires ; le taux d’activité ; et enfin le taux de pauvreté, nous interrogeons la viabilité des changements structurels introduits en cas de retournement conjoncturel. Selon les études recensées, la croissance aurait eu un rôle significatif pour expliquer la baisse du nombre d’allocataires, la reprise du taux d’activité et la baisse du taux de pauvreté ; en phase de ralentissement de la croissance, l’actuel système d’aide sociale et d’indemnisation du chômage ne serait pas adapté au risque de chômage encouru par les anciens allocataires.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

How this classification was reachedexpand

Full frame machine prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.013
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.035
Version: metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061cValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Not applicable · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.087
Threshold uncertainty score0.172

Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0130.035
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0010.000
Bibliometrics0.0020.003
Science and technology studies0.0030.005
Scholarly communication0.0070.004
Open science0.0010.003
Research integrity0.0020.002
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0130.001

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.060
GPT teacher head0.295
Teacher spread0.235 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Classification

machine, unvalidated

Machine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.

The models applied no category: nothing in the taxonomy fit this work.
Study designNot applicable
Domainnot available
GenreEmpirical

How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".

Quick stats

Citations5
Published2002
Admission routes1
Has abstractyes

Explore more

Same venueRevue française des affaires socialesSame topicGender, Labor, and Family DynamicsFrench-language works237,207