Bibliographic record
Abstract
The University of Pennsylvania Libraries A.S.W. Rosenbach Lectures in Bibliography for 2013: Monday, March 18, 2013: "The 1450s: Bookmaking Inventions." Total time: 1:29:39. Welcome: David N. McKnight (00:01); Introduction: William Noel (05:12); Lecture: Paul Needham (07:00). March 19, 2013: "The 1460s: Slow Diaspora." Total time: 01:35:48. Introduction: David N. McKnight (00:01); Lecture: Paul Needham (07:50); Question and Answer (01:25:00). March 21, 2013: 1470-1475: "The Sowing of Printing Shops." Total time: 01:24:53. Introduction: David N. McKnight (00:01); Lecture: Paul Needham (01:52); Question and Answer (01:09:55). Since 1998, Paul Needham has served as the Curator of the Scheide Collection at the Princeton University Library, before which he worked at Sotheby's and the Pierpont Morgan Library. He is on faculty at the University of Virginia's Rare Book School. Widely acknowledged as the leading expert on Johannes Gutenberg and the early history of printing, Dr. Needham has written or contributed to more than 90 publications. To download a podcast of each lecture, choose one of the additional files below. To view the event announcement, select the Download button at upper right.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.005 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.009 | 0.004 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.443 | 0.318 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".