Crystal orientation results in different amorphization of olivine during solar wind implantation
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Crystal orientation plays an important role in mineral amorphization during solar wind implantation. To discuss these effects, ion implantation experiments were carried out to irradiate natural olivine grains by 1 × 1017 cm−2 50 keV He+. Based on the olivine grains irradiated in our experiment, residual crystal planes have been identified by reference to the crystal plane's spacing shown in diffraction images. It is found that He+ ions injected along [010] damages the olivine structure more effectively than with other orientations and that this possibly relates to the higher atomic density and the vertical impact of the flux on MO6 (where M commonly represents Fe2+ and Mg2+) octahedra chains. Crystal planes perpendicular or approximately perpendicular to [010] may be destroyed easily during the early stages of irradiation, particularly for (040). However, crystal planes, such as (041), (021), (022), (120), and (140), parallel to [100] or [001] may survive until the final stages of olivine amorphization. These different characteristics affected by crystal orientation in ion implantation might help researchers to better understand the process of solar wind weathering and in dating the exposure time of lunar and asteroidal soil grains as well as interplanetary dust particles affected by the solar wind.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".