Direct UV patterning of waveguide devices in As2Se3 thin films
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Photodarkening of thermally evaporated amorphous As2Se3 chalcogenide thin films was generated by a UV mercury light source in a standard mask aligner. The refractive index modification of the chalcogenide glass was determined by applying Swanepoel’s method. Index changes of +0.04 were obtained for 500 s exposure. Using these photoinduced index changes, waveguides with losses of approximately 1 dB/cm at 980 nm were fabricated. Another set of waveguides was fabricated by UV exposure and subsequent selective etching to form rib structures. Those waveguides exhibited loss of approximately 2 dB/cm at 980 nm. Silver photodoping of As2Se3 was also performed on a mask aligner with index increases on the order of 0.3 obtained. Due to the rapid and large photomodification obtainable with standard photolithographic equipment, these processes are promising for integrated optic device fabrication.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".