Chronic fatigue syndrome is associated with oxidative stress induced by in vivo infusion of hydrogen peroxide in pigs
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) is characterized by persistent and relapsing fatigue that involves oxidative stress in its pathogenesis. In this study we report on the prevalence of CFS‐associated symptoms in an oxidative stress pig model. Piglets of 5 d of age were fitted with an intraperitoneal catheter and infused with either H2O2 at 5 mmol/kg BW (PER, n=8) or the same volume of saline (CON, n=8) in six 20‐ml doses daily for a period of 10 d. During this time, animal behavior was monitored and blood samples taken. At the end of the study, CON piglets had higher (P<0.05) BW gain in comparison to the PER group (CON, 111.46±9.00 vs. PER, 74.78±9.62 g/d). Since there were no differences (P>0.05) in the formula intake between PER and CON groups, the CON piglets had lower (P<0.05) feed to gain ratios in comparison to the PER piglets (CON, 8.72±0.85 vs. PER, 15.82±0.83 ml/g). Plasma GSH levels remained similar (P>0.05) to the pre‐infusion level over the study duration in the CON group, whereas this was 65% lower (P<0.05) than the pre‐infusion level in the PER group. Additionally, the PER treatment piglets were more lethargic, less mobile and less responsive to new environmental stimuli. These piglets (PER group) also consumed their meals at a slower pace and all developed diarrhea in comparison to the CON group. We conclude that chronic fatigue syndrome could be established by infusion of a suitable dose of hydrogen peroxide to investigate mechanisms and modulations of CFS in association with oxidative stress in the pig. Supported by OMAFRA of Canada.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".