Dielectric properties and relaxor behavior of a new (1−x)BaTiO3–xBiAlO3 solid solution
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A new lead-free perovskite solid solution of (1−x)BaTiO3–xBiAlO3 (x=0.02, 0.05, 0.10, and 0.15) that exhibits ferroelectric properties and relaxor behavior has been synthesized by solid state reactions. X-ray diffraction patterns show a transformation from the tetragonal symmetry into a rhombohedral symmetry as a result of the substitutions of Bi3+ on the A site and Al3+ on the B site in the crystal lattice of BaTiO3. The temperature and frequency dependences of the dielectric constant indicate a crossover from a normal ferroelectric to relaxor behavior. The degree of deviation from the Curie–Weiss law is found to increase with the increasing amount of BiAlO3. The high-temperature slope of the dielectric peak for x=0.05, 0.1 and, 0.15 can be well described by a Lorenz-type relation. Typical relaxor behavior is observed for x=0.15 with the temperature of the dielectric peak Tm=360K at 1kHz, while ferroelectric hysteresis loop is displayed at room temperature. This suggests that the long-range polar order from the end member BaTiO3 persists and coexists with polar nanoregions induced by the chemical disorder following the coupled substitutions in the solid solution.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".