Hepatic resection in Canada: rates and geographic variation.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Liver resection (LR) is the only curative therapy for hepatic malignancy. Despite this, the rates of LR across Canada are unknown. We sought to determine the rate and regional variation of LR in Canada, its provinces and census divisions for the period 1995-2004. METHODS: We obtained discharge data for 1995-2004 from all provinces but Quebec from the Canadian Institute for Health Information, and we searched for LR by residential site. Then we calculated rates and variations in rates. RESULTS: The national age- and sex-adjusted rate of LR per 100,000 people aged 18 years and older increased from 3.22 in 1995 to 5.86 in 2004. There was a high degree of variation across provinces and census divisions. CONCLUSION: Liver resection volumes are increasing in Canada. Significant regional variation exists for LR in Canada, likely reflecting a variety of important supply-demand issues.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.007 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".