Domain structure in the monoclinic <i>Pm</i> phase of Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3–PbTiO3 single crystals
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The domain structure of (1−x)Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3–xPbTiO3 single crystals with composition x≈0.33 in the range of the morphotropic phase boundary (MPB) was studied. Based on the analysis of spontaneous strain compatibility and charge of domain walls, we have established the permissible domain arrangements for the ferroelectric phases of different symmetries, which are expected to occur in the range of the MPB. Examination of (001)-oriented unpoled and electrically poled (along the [001] direction) crystal plates in a polarizing microscope reveals a monophase state with the domain structure compatible with the structure theoretically predicted for the MC monoclinic phase (space group Pm), which was recently discovered in the compositions close to the MPB by x-ray and neutron diffraction studies. In the unpoled crystal, the 180° walls between the domains whose spontaneous polarization vectors are parallel to the plane of the crystal plate (i.e., a-domains) are observed. The domain structure of the poled crystal is predominantly composed of crystallographically prominent Wf walls parallel to (001) (i.e., the plane of the crystal plate) and inclined S walls parallel to [110] or [11̄0] direction. In poled and unpoled samples, an optical rotatory polarization effect is found, which is related to the inhomogeneity of the sample resulting from the mixture of domains.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".