Domain structure in the monoclinic <i>Pm</i> phase of Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3–PbTiO3 single crystals
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
The domain structure of (1−x)Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3–xPbTiO3 single crystals with composition x≈0.33 in the range of the morphotropic phase boundary (MPB) was studied. Based on the analysis of spontaneous strain compatibility and charge of domain walls, we have established the permissible domain arrangements for the ferroelectric phases of different symmetries, which are expected to occur in the range of the MPB. Examination of (001)-oriented unpoled and electrically poled (along the [001] direction) crystal plates in a polarizing microscope reveals a monophase state with the domain structure compatible with the structure theoretically predicted for the MC monoclinic phase (space group Pm), which was recently discovered in the compositions close to the MPB by x-ray and neutron diffraction studies. In the unpoled crystal, the 180° walls between the domains whose spontaneous polarization vectors are parallel to the plane of the crystal plate (i.e., a-domains) are observed. The domain structure of the poled crystal is predominantly composed of crystallographically prominent Wf walls parallel to (001) (i.e., the plane of the crystal plate) and inclined S walls parallel to [110] or [11̄0] direction. In poled and unpoled samples, an optical rotatory polarization effect is found, which is related to the inhomogeneity of the sample resulting from the mixture of domains.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
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Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it