Parasites Recovered From a Downer White-Collared Kingfisher, Halcyon chloris collaris (Scopoli, 1786) (Aves: Alcedinidae) From Danjugan Island, Off Negros, Philippines
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Nematodes and lice (Mallophaga) were collected from a downer white-collared Kingfisher (Halcyon chloris collaris (Scopoli, 1786), at necropsy in Danjugan Island off Negros, Philippines. Nematodes were examined as temporary mounts in lacto-phenol solution while lice were cleaned in 5% potassium hydroxide solution, washed in distilled water, dehydrated in increasing grades of ethyl alcohol, cleared in terpineol and mounted in Canada balsam for examination. Some lice were stained in Ziehl-Neelsen (carbol fuchsin) in absolute ethyl alcohol. Four species of nematodes namely, Aprocta lepidogrammi, Hamatospiculum leticiae, Skrjabinoclava halcyoni and an unidentified species, and a species of chewing louse, Alcedoecus latigenitalis were identified from the collection. Photographs of these parasites are provided and their organ location and occurrence in other avian hosts and geographical areas are presented. The probable cause of death of the bird is discussed. This report constitutes new host and locality records for Aprocta lepidogrammi, and Skrjabinoclava halcyoni and Alcedoecus latigenitalis, respectively. Keywords: Alcedoecus latigenitalis, Aprocta lepidogrammi, Halcyon chloris collaris, parasites, Skrjabinoclava halcyoni
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".