AmpFℓSTR® Profiler Plus™ and AmpFℓSTR® COfiler™ Analysis of Tissues Stored in GenoFix™, a New Tissue Preservation Solution for Mass Disaster DNA Identification
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A preliminary study was conducted to assess the capability of a new alcohol-based tissue fixative, GenoFix, to preserve DNA from biopsy tissues stored at room temperature and/or -20 degrees C in a freezer, for subsequent short tandem repeat (STR) DNA typing analysis. Fresh human smooth muscle samples were stored at room temperature in GenoFix for one month and up to one year and seven months before being processed using the megaplex STR systems, AmpFlSTR Profiler Plus and AmpFlSTR COfiler. Alternatively, muscle tissues in GenoFix were placed at -20 degrees C in a freezer for up to 3 1/2 years following two to three months in the fixative at room temperature. DNA analysis was also carried out on tissues stored in GenoFix for one month at room temperature and subsequently paraffin-embedded and stored at room temperature for four years. The AmpFlSTR Profiler Plus and AmpFlSTR COfiler STR profiles produced, using DNA extracted from all fixed tissue samples, were of very good quality. The fluorescent signals were well balanced across the nine STR loci or six loci comprised in the megaplexes surveyed and profiles showed no differences with those observed for the control blood of the respective donor patients. Continuous exposure to GenoFix at room temperature (up to one year and seven months) did not compromise the STR typing analysis of the fixed tissues. No adverse effects were noted on the STR typeability of tissues fixed with GenoFix and stored at -20 degrees C in a freezer for up to 3 1/2 years. STR profiles generated from the paraffin-embedded tissues fixed in GenoFix were of excellent quality. This preliminary study suggests that GenoFix can be used to store tissue samples at room temperature for up to one year and seven months or at -20 degrees C in a freezer for longer storage (up to 3 1/2 years). This new and odorless tissue fixative promotes tissue and DNA preservation in a very effective manner and as such may prove useful in criminal investigations or mass disaster identifications carried out in remote locations and in which a small or large number of tissue samples are collected for further analyses.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".