Temperature-dependent optical spectroscopy studies of<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Nd</mml:mi><mml:mrow><mml:mn>1</mml:mn><mml:mo>−</mml:mo><mml:mi>x</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msub><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Ti</mml:mi><mml:msub><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">O</mml:mi><mml:mn>3</mml:mn></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math>
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The temperature dependent optical spectra are investigated in a well-characterized titanate system, ${\mathrm{Nd}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}\mathrm{Ti}{\mathrm{O}}_{3}$, between 50 and $40 000\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}{\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ at three different doping levels, $x=0.019$, 0.046, and 0.095, corresponding to a Mott-Hubbard insulator, a semiconductor and a correlated metal, respectively. Mid-gap states develop inside the Hubbard gap with hole doping. Based on the room-temperature spectra of the optical conductivity, the evolution rate of the excitations below $1.2\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{eV}$ with doping is dependent on the electron correlation strength $(U∕W)$ of the parent insulator, which has been observed in other titanates as well. In the metallic sample $(x=0.095)$, an anomalous enhancement of spectral weight below $1\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{eV}$ develops with decreasing temperature. The partial spectral weight shows a quadratic dependence on temperatures up to the plasma frequency. Meanwhile, the metallic sample displays a Fermi-liquid behavior at low frequencies.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.005 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.005 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.004 | 0.005 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.004 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.005 | 0.004 |
| Research integrity | 0.004 | 0.004 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.715 | 0.006 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; both teacher heads agree on what is shown here.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".