Expression of hsp90 alpha and hsp90 beta during Xenopus laevis embryonic development.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Members of the eukaryotic Hsp90 family function as important molecular chaperones in the assembly, folding and activation of cellular signaling in development. Two hsp90 genes, hsp90 and hsp90, have been identified in fish and homeothermic vertebrates but not in poikilothermic vertebrates. In the present study, the expression of hsp90 and hsp90 genes in Xenopus laevis, which is phylogenetically positioned between zebrafish and mammals, has been addressed. METHODS: Partial Xenopus hsp90 and hsp90 cDNA were identified and isolated using RT-PCR, and a full-length Xenopus hsp90 cDNA was isolated from an embryonic cDNA library. Northern-blot analysis was used to study the expression of hsp90 and hsp90 genes in total RNA of the embryos and in situ hybridization was used to compare the expression of these genes with that of hsp70 and MyoD genes in Xenopus embryogenesis. RESULTS: Northern-blot analysis revealed that the hsp90 gene was strongly expressed constitutively at all stages of embryogenesis, but weakly induced following the heat shock. In contrast, the hsp90 gene was weakly expressed in embryos at control temperature, but strongly up-regulated following heat shock. In situ hybridization results showed that hsp90 gene was observed predominantly in cells of the developing somite. Microscopic sections showed that hsp90 and MyoD mRNA are expressed in similar regions in somite and this pattern was distinct from that of hsp70 and hsp90. CONCLUSION: These data support the hypothesis that the presence of hsp90 and hsp90 genes is conserved among vertebrates, and these genes are differentially regulated in a tissue, stress, and development stage-specific manner.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".