A new differential CMOS current pre-amplifier for optical communications
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper presents a new low-voltage fully differential CMOS current-mode pre-amplifier for optical communications. The number of transistors between the power and ground rails is minimum so that the minimum supply voltage is only V/sub T/ + V/sub sat/. The pre-amplifier is a balanced two-stage configuration such that the effect of bias-dependent. mismatches is minimized. This configuration also achieves wide bandwidth and high current gain with reduced power consumption and transistor sizes. To lower the input impedance and increase the bandwidth, a new differential current-current negative feedback is introduced. In addition, a current-current common-mode feedback is employed to increase the common-mode rejection ratio (CMRR). The pre-amplifier is designed using a 0.18 /spl mu/m 1.8 V CMOS technology. Simulation results from SPICE demonstrate that with a 0.5 pF photo diode capacitance, the pre-amplifier provides 31 dB current gain or equivalently 65 dB trans-impedance gain at 2.53 GHz.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".