Intrinsic and relative permeabilities of shredded municipal solid wastes from the Qizishan landfill, China
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Testing specimens for laboratory analysis were created from borehole samples of municipal solid waste (MSW) drilled from different depths at the Qizishan landfill, China. Laboratory water retention curve (WRC), water permeability, and air permeability tests were carried out to study the effects of compression and biodegradation on intrinsic permeability and the effect of water content on the relative permeability of the borehole specimens. The value of intrinsic permeability coefficient, k0, in the Kozeny–Carman model was found to be influenced by both the compression and biodegradation processes. Furthermore, the intrinsic permeability, ki, measured by air was found to be about one order of magnitude larger than that measured by water. Based on the regression results of WRC, relative water and air permeabilities were analyzed through the van Genuchten–Mualem (vG–M) model. The measured relative air permeability could be well fitted by the vG-M model. The value of parameter γv was found to be critical for a good prediction of relative water and air permeabilities using the vG-M model.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".