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Record W1710530837 · doi:10.14288/bcs.v0i65.1204

Early Fur-trade Forts of the Peace River Area of British Columbia

2010· article· en· W1710530837 on OpenAlex
Knut R. Fladmark

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

aboutThe title or abstract carries a Canadian signal from the geographic lexicon.
no affNo Canadian affiliation: this work is invisible to an affiliation-only frame.
No Canadian affiliation. An affiliation-only frame, the usual design, would never have seen this work. It is one of the works that make the case for inverting the frame.

Bibliographic record

VenueOpen Collections · 2010
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldSocial Sciences
TopicHistorical and Cultural Archaeology Studies
Canadian institutionsnot available
Fundersnot available
KeywordsFur tradePeriod (music)GeographyHistoryArchaeologyEconomic historyArt

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

In the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries, the area now known as British Columbia was being approached and penetrated from both land and sea by Europeans intent on trading for furs with the natives of one of the last untouched regions of North America. The early mari­ time fur trade has long been understood as a major influence on the postcontact characteristics of Northwest Coast Indian cultures, and as a result intensively studied by ethnohistoria ns and pure historians alike. Surpris­ ingly, however, relatively little attention has been devoted to an equivalent understanding of the processes and evolution of the land-based fur trade as it unfolded in British Columbia specifically and as it influenced the interior native peoples. It is my intention simply to describe a body of archival and archaeo­ logical data from a portion of the interior of B.C. which, if properly exploited, has the potential to provide significant insights into many of these and other problems. These data concern the early ( 1793-1823) furtrade period in the Peace River valley of northeastern British Columbia. Lying east of the Rocky Mountain divide, the Peace River district often is neglected in modern southwesterly dominated perceptions of this prov­ ince, but during the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries it was at the leading edge of European land-based expansion in Canada and was the main east-west communication route by which new materials and ideas penetrated the intermountain interior. In the remainder of this paper I hope briefly to outline the evolution of the fur trade physical establishment — i.e., forts and trading posts — in the Peace River valley, based on published and unpublished archival data and archaeology. I am indebted to Finola Finlay (1976, 1978, n.d.) for much of the reconstruction of the fur trade history of the Peace River area which follows. Preliminary archaeological investigations conducted on these sites in 1974, 1975 and 1976, in the course of resource impact assessments carried out in proposed Hydro reservoirs, also serve to support and complement the documentary record. 48

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesScience and technology studies
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Not applicable · Consensus signal: Not applicable
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.249
Threshold uncertainty score0.998

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.001
Science and technology studies0.0030.001
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0010.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.017
GPT teacher head0.250
Teacher spread0.232 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it