Bibliographic record
Abstract
The application of the defence of illegality often leads to harsh results. The sheer number of regulatory laws implemented in our modern world exacerbates this situation. In minimising injustice in particular contexts and in coping with the shifting winds of public policy, the judiciary in the common law jurisdictions have made ad-hoc inroads and exceptions to this defence, resulting in departures from the strict ex turpi causa principle that are needlessly complex, often irreconcilable with one another, and have little consistency between the different areas of private law. This article makes a comparative survey of the jurisprudence in Australia, England and Wales, New Zealand, Canada, Israel and Singapore, and evaluates: (a) the rationales giving expression to the various grounds of public policy; (b) the possibility and desirability of a unified approach in private law for the relief of unenforceability due to the application of the defence of illegality; and (c) the various reform models and proposals in these jurisdictions, and the optimal approach to statutory reform in Singapore.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.015 | 0.023 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.006 | 0.036 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.010 | 0.009 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.009 |
| Research integrity | 0.006 | 0.006 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".