Feasibility of using an implanted neurosensing system to monitor center-of-pressure displacements for control of paraplegic posture
Bibliographic record
Abstract
When paraplegic standing is restored with functional electrical stimulation (FES), the main challenges are to maintain balance and avoid fatigue. We evaluated the feasibility of monitoring postural sway with the implanted Neurostep TM system (Victhom Human Bionics) that sensed, amplified and processed the tibial nerve signals during manually imposed lateral sway in standing pigs. We monitored pressure changes under the pig’s hind feet (F-Scan®, Tekscan) and compared to center-of-pressure (COP) displacements during human sway. In humans, pressure in loaded foot sole regions increased by 72±24%. In pigs, similar pressure changes were detected from the tibial nerve signal with 94% accuracy, and 84% of all pig sway events were detected from the tibial nerve signal. Our results suggest that sensory signals from the human foot soles may closely reflect COP displacement and if so, an implanted neurosensing system could provide feedback for closed-loop control of paraplegic posture.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".