From Government to Governance: The City of Toronto’s Role in Immigrant Settlement Service Coordination since the Canada-Ontario Immigration Agreement
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In recent years, there has been increasing attention paid to the role of municipal government on issues related to the settlement of immigrants.The City of Toronto provides a case study for a municipal government that is increasingly involved in the coordination of services across the city.This research will provide an overview of the role of the City of Toronto in the coordination of settlement services since the signing of the Canada-Ontario Immigration Agreement in 2005.This agreement set the stage for tri-level government overview of settlement services to occur, and for a formalized collaboration between government and community stakeholders.The findings of this research indicate that initiatives such as the Local Immigration Partnerships and Newcomer LeadershipTable are allowing for such intergovernmental and cross-sectoral collaboration to occur.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.007 | 0.009 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.033 | 0.029 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.016 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.010 |
| Research integrity | 0.003 | 0.004 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.006 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".