Survey of Extra-Low Frequency and Very-Low Frequency Magnetic Fields in Cell Culture Incubators
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A typical cell culture CO2 incubator was probed in detail to document the pattern of 60-Hz magnetic fields (MFs) inside the unit, as well as the ability of the incubator to attenuate environmental MFs. Subsequently, a survey of 46 cell culture incubators was performed. The survey measured MFs outside and inside the incubators, the frequency spectrum between 5 and 2000 Hz, and variations over time of the 60-Hz MF. Our measurements show an uneven spatial distribution, reflecting electronic and electrical components hidden within the walls. Attenuation of environmental MFs varied between 18 % and 33 %, signalling easy penetration into the units. MF levels, frequency spectra and variations over time were very different from one unit to the next. All 46 incubators surveyed had an average field greater than 0.2 microT; among them, 39 (85 %) had an average field greater than 1 microT. There is substantial work to be done in improving control over the MF environment of in vitro experiments in bio-medicine, particularly if they involve cancer cells.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".