Development Strategy Research and Practice on Reservoir with Big Gas Cap and Narrow Oil Rim in Bohai Bay
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Reservoir of Es3-I in JZ25-1S oilfield in Bohai bay is a fault type characterizing in big gas cap, narrow oil rim and edge water. The main development problem in gas cap reservoir with vertical wells is coning from gas cap, which causes the oil wells ring gas channeling and seriously affects well productivity. Faced with a number of negative factors and aimed at low development degree of vertical wells, researchers present development from horizontal wells and apply a pilot test and numerical simulation to demonstrate the adaptability. Compared with vertical wells, some obvious advantages of horizontal wells can be demonstrated by deliverability, individual-well controlled reserves, and final development efficiency. The orientation, vertical location, trajectory and length of horizontal wells and production speed in the study areas were also optimally designed. In this optimal design, the length of horizontal segment should be 400 meters; while the vertical distance between the WOC should be a third, and conversely, two-third between the GOC. The horizontal well technology is proved to be helpful for the economic and high efficiency development in Es3-I oilfield. It is showed by the mining practice of horizontal well technology in seven horizontal wells located in the gas cap of JZ25-1S oilfield Es3-I reservoir that the application is good and the daily oil production of the single well is high, from 150 to 300 m3/d. It is proved that there is great potential of the horizontal well in development of the reservoirs with big gas cap and narrow oil rim, which can significantly increase the economic benefits of offshore oil fields and provides a reference for the development of other similar reservoirs. Key words : Bohai bay; Big gas cap; Narrow oil rim; Horizontal well; Numerical simulation
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".