Bibliographic record
Abstract
In the last quarter of the twentieth century, there are few places in the world untouched by the effects of rapid change. The implications of this truism are probably as many as there are people considering it; for the historian they relate to the problems of recording a way of life that may be fast disappearing, or have disappeared altogether. The slower the rate of change may have been in the past, and the more abrupt the transition to the institutions and ways of thought of the twentieth century, the more corrosive is likely to be the impact of these on long-established social and economic patterns. Hundreds of viable societies have disintegrated at the touch of modernity and 'progress', leaving little or no trace of themselves behind. Only for a short time after their total disappearance does the memory of the old ways linger on, in the minds of individuals who have experienced in their lifetime virtually the complete transition from a 'traditional' to a 'modern' way of life. Where a large part of the old way has not been documented, the only means of investigating it may be to seize the brief moment and talk to these individuals, tapping their memories before they too fade into oblivion.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.005 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.014 | 0.006 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.008 | 0.005 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.010 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".