80A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Pleconaril for the Treatment of Neonates with Enterovirus Sepsis
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background. Neonatal enterovirus (EV) infections have high morbidity & mortality. Antiviral therapy is not currently available. Pleconaril is an oral capsid binder with activity against EVs. Methods. Neonates with suspected EV sepsis (hepatitis, coagulopathy, or myocarditis) were randomized 2:1 to receive oral pleconaril or placebo x 7 days. Specimens (oropharynx, rectum, urine, serum) for viral culture & polymerase chain reaction (PCR), pharmacokinetic analysis, & safety evaluations were obtained over 14 days & clinical assessments were performed over 24 months. 1. Culture positive 2. Survival, all subjects 3. Survival, EV-confirmed Results. 61 subjects were enrolled (43 treatment, 18 placebo), of whom 43 were confirmed EV-infected by culture or PCR (31 treatment, 12 placebo). Baseline characteristics were similar between EV-infected groups; median (range) age at illness onset was 4.5 (1-15) & 5.0 (1-10) days, respectively. Low culture yields precluded demonstrating a difference in the primary endpoint, day 5 oropharyngeal culture positivity (25% positive on Day 1 & 0% on Day 5 in the treatment group v. 30% on Day 1 & 0% on Day 5 in the placebo group). However, subjects in the treatment group became culture-negative from all anatomic sites combined faster than subjects in the placebo group (Fig 1; median 4.0 v. 7.0 days, p = 0.08) & fewer subjects in the treatment group remained PCR-positive from the oropharynx when last sampled (83% positive on Day 1 & 23% positive at a median of 14 days in the treatment group v. 100% positive on Day 1 & 58% positive at a median of 14 days in the placebo group, p = 0.02). By intent to treat, 10/43 (23%) of all subjects in the treatment group & 8/18 (44%) in the placebo group died (Fig 2; p = 0.02 for 2 month survival difference). Among EV-confirmed subjects, 7/31 (23%) in the treatment group died v. 5/12 (42%) in the placebo group (Fig 3; p = 0.26). Pleconaril concentrations exceeded the IC90 after the first treatment day, but 41% of subjects did not achieve this target during the 1st treatment day. 1 subject in the treatment group & 3 in the placebo group had treatment-related adverse events. Conclusion. Shorter times to culture & PCR negativity & suggestion of greater survival among pleconaril recipients support potential efficacy & warrant further evaluation. Disclosures. All authors: No reported disclosures.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.004 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.010 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".