Bibliographic record
Abstract
The city of Rome and other urban communities throughout the empire were alive with spectacles of all kinds, including triumphs, funerals, executions, and religious festivals with their various games (<italic>ludi</italic>). This chapter considers the critical role that inscriptions play in our understanding of Roman spectacles. It focuses in particular on spectacles in the theatre (<italic>ludi scaenici</italic>), circus (<italic>ludi circenses</italic>), athletic stadium, and especially the amphitheatre (<italic>munera</italic> and <italic>venationes</italic>). Epigraphic discoveries of many types continue to add new details and insights that our moralizing literary sources simply ignore: tombstones of spectacle performers; statue-bases honouring local elites who sponsored spectacles; building inscriptions from theatres, amphitheatres, and circuses; senatorial decrees, imperial edicts/letters, and municipal laws regulating public spectacle; announcements of upcoming spectacles; curse tablets; and inscribed artifacts depicting gladiators, actors, and charioteers.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".