High‐precision Pb‐Sr‐Nd‐Hf isotopic characterization of USGS BHVO‐1 and BHVO‐2 reference materials
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
The recent development of multiple‐collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (MC‐ICP‐MS) and increasing use of the technique have created the need for well‐characterized rock standards, especially for isotopic systems where no internal fractionation correction can be applied. This paper presents a careful leaching experiment on the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) reference materials BHVO‐1 and BHVO‐2 (Hawaiian basalts) and documents the evidence for contamination of the rock powders during processing. This contamination accounts for the difference in Pb isotopic ratios of BHVO‐1 and BHVO‐2 as well as for their lack of homogeneity both in Pb isotopic compositions and in some trace element contents.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it