Short Communication: Effects of supplemental canola meal and various types of distillers’ grains on growth performance of backgrounded steers
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Yang, W. Z., Xu, L., Li, C. and Beauchemin, K. A. 2012. Short Communication: Effects of supplemental canola meal and various types of distillers’ grains on growth performance of backgrounded steers. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 93: 281–286. A growth study was conducted to investigate the effects of protein source on growth performance of backgrounded steers. Partly replacing barley grain with canola meal (CM), corn dried distillers’ grains with solubles (cDDGS) or fractionated corn dried distillers grains with solubles (fDDGS) increased averaged daily gain and feed conversion efficiency of backgrounded steers. Steers fed corn DDGS (cDDGS, fDDGS) improved feed conversion efficiency compared with steers fed wheat dried distillers’ grain with solubles (wDDGS). These results indicate that inclusion of protein ingredients in barley-based diets is necessary to improve growth performance of growing cattle. To maximize profits, the choice of protein source in cattle rations will depend upon availability and cost of ingredients.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".