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Record W1771995337

Attitudes Towards English & punjabi Language Learning in Faisalabad

2011· article· en· W1771995337 on OpenAlex

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

venuePublished in a venue whose home country is Canada.
no affNo Canadian affiliation: this work is invisible to an affiliation-only frame.
No Canadian affiliation. An affiliation-only frame, the usual design, would never have seen this work. It is one of the works that make the case for inverting the frame.

Bibliographic record

VenueJournal of academic and applied studies · 2011
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldSocial Sciences
TopicMultilingual Education and Policy
Canadian institutionsnot available
Fundersnot available
KeywordsPrestigeVernacularGovernment (linguistics)LinguisticsLocal languagePolitical scienceSociologyComputer science
DOInot available

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Pakistan being a linguistically diversed region has a diglossic situation in which two or more distinct languages can be used by the same speech community. However, these languages differ in status, prestige and function, which entitled them highly prestigious ( H )language and less prestigious language ( L) languages. We have English as highly prestigious and Punjabi local vernacular informal language. So, present study aims to identify attitudes towards English which is a sophisticated, official, formal, as well as language of education, science, heritage and towards Punjabi which is local, vernacular, broken, language as well as language of illiterate community. This situation is surprising that English which has no native speaker has marginalized all local languages whereas; Punjabi with a large no of native speakers is socially neglected and sidelined language. This study was based on the hypothesis that there are different attitudes towards English and Punjabi language learning. In order to know the attitudes towards English and Punjabi languages close ended questionnaire has been used as a tool to collect the data collected, from 42 students of 8 different educational institutes: government, private, madrasa of Faisalabad. The whole data was statistically analyzed and frequencies were calculated for each item. This study concludes that people of Faisalabad have more positive attitudes towards English than Punjabi language because they differ in status, structure, function, and prestige. This study is significant because it highlights the economical, educational, social status of Punjabi and English languages in Faisalabad.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.001
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.001
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Qualitative · Consensus signal: Qualitative
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.079
Threshold uncertainty score0.239

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0010.001
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.001
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.130
GPT teacher head0.474
Teacher spread0.344 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it