Indirect measurement of<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:msup><mml:mrow><mml:mo>sin</mml:mo><mml:mo></mml:mo></mml:mrow><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:msup><mml:msub><mml:mi>θ</mml:mi><mml:mi>W</mml:mi></mml:msub></mml:math>(<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:msub><mml:mi>M</mml:mi><mml:mi>W</mml:mi></mml:msub></mml:math>) using<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:msup><mml:mi>e</mml:mi><mml:mo mathvariant="bold">+</mml:mo></mml:msup><mml:msup><mml:mi>e</mml:mi><mml:mo mathvariant="bold">−</mml:mo></mml:msup></mml:math>pairs in the<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mi>Z</mml:mi></mml:math>-boson region with<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mi>p</mml:mi><mml:mover accent="true"><mml:mi>p</mml:mi><mml:mo>¯</mml:mo></mml:mover></mml:math>collisions at a center-of-momentum energy of 1.96 TeV
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Drell-Yan lepton pairs are produced in the process $p\overline{p}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{e}^{+}{e}^{\ensuremath{-}}+X$ through an intermediate ${\ensuremath{\gamma}}^{*}/Z$ boson. The lepton angular distributions are used to provide information on the electroweak-mixing parameter ${sin}^{2}{\ensuremath{\theta}}_{W}$ via its observable effective-leptonic ${sin}^{2}{\ensuremath{\theta}}_{W}$, or ${sin}^{2}{\ensuremath{\theta}}_{\mathrm{eff}}^{\mathrm{lept}}$. A new method to infer ${sin}^{2}{\ensuremath{\theta}}_{W}$ or, equivalently, the $W$-boson mass ${M}_{W}$ in the on-shell scheme, is developed and tested using a previous CDF Run II measurement of angular distributions from electron pairs in a sample corresponding to $2.1\text{ }\text{ }{\mathrm{fb}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ of integrated luminosity from $p\overline{p}$ collisions at a center-of-momentum energy of 1.96 TeV. The value of ${sin}^{2}{\ensuremath{\theta}}_{\mathrm{eff}}^{\mathrm{lept}}$ is found to be $0.2328\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.0011$. Within a specified context of the standard model, this results in ${sin}^{2}{\ensuremath{\theta}}_{W}=0.2246\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.0011$, which corresponds to a $W$-boson mass of $80.297\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.055\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{GeV}/{c}^{2}$, in agreement with previous determinations in electron-position collisions and at the Tevatron collider.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.005 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.005 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.003 | 0.004 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.142 | 0.090 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".