A Study of Chinese-English Code-switching in Chinese Sports News Reports
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper reports a study of Chinese-English code-switching in Chinese sports news reports with an aim to provide a better understanding of the linguistic features of Chinese-English code-switching. Based on the data collected from Titan Sports–the most influential comprehensive sports newspaper in China, the study finds that the switched constituents vary from singly occurring letters and lexemes to embedded phrases and sentences, with each carrying its own features. Adopting Myers-Scotton’s Markedness Model to the discussion of code-switching occurrences, this study relates the linguistic features observed to the sense of markedness which can account for the features found in the study. Key words: Chinese-English code-switching; Matrix language; Embedded constituent; Markedness Resume: Cet article presente une etude sur l'alternance de codes du chinois en anglais dans les nouvelles sportives chinoises dans le but de fournir une meilleure comprehension des caracteristiques linguistiques de l'alternance de codes du chinois en anglais. Basee sur des donnees recueillies aupres de Titan Sports, le plus influent journal de sport en Chine, l'etude constate que les constituants alternes varient des lettres et des lexemes qui apparaissent seul a des phrases integrees, et que chacun porte ses propres caracteristiques. En adoptant le modele de caractere marque de Myers-Scotton, cette etude relie les caracteristiques linguistiques observes au sens du marquage, qui peut expliquer les caracteristiques trouvees dans l'etude.Mots-cles: alternance de codes du chinois en anglais; matrice de langue; constituants integres; caractere marque
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".