Bibliographic record
Abstract
expectation of a rupture with the Colonies has struck the people of Great Britain with more terror than they ever felt for a Spanish Armada, Or a French invasion. Under the present system of management Great Britain derives nothing but loss from the dominion which she assumes over her - SMITH. Wealth of Nations, chap. vii. Colonial Policy, A.D. 1776.That England has benefited immensely by the loss of her North American Colonies is a fact no one has attempted to deny. Yet she spent the incredible sum of £75,000,000 in attempting to retain possession; a monstrous error in policy indeed; for she might have enjoyed the same benefits, that is to say, emancipated her Colonies, without expending a sixpence; besides saving a profusion of blood, and gaining credit for generosity, in the eyes of Europe and posterity. - SAY. Political Economy, chap. xix. Of Colonies and their Products, M.D. 1820, Paris.Colonies are the offspring of Monopoly. They add nothing to the wealth, and nothing to the strength of an empire. They are WARBREEDERS!- . DR. THOMAS COOPER. Elements of Political Economy, chap. xii. On Colonies. Columbia, U.S. 1829.The state of the Trade with CANADA may be referred to in proof of what has now been stated. It employs a large number of ships and seamen: and seems to a superficial observer highly valuable. In truth and reality, however, it is very much the reverse. Two-thirds and more of the trade with CANADA is forced and factitious; originating in the oppressive discriminating duty of forty shillings a load imposed on timber from the north of Europe, over and above what is imposed on that brought from a British Settlement in North America. This obliges us to resort to CANADA, whence we import an inferior article at a higher price. The disadvantages of this impolitic system are numerous and glaring. - MACULLOCH. Statistical Account of the British Empire, 1837, chap. iii. Colonies and Dependencies.DEDICATION.To the Right Honorable LORD VISCOUNT MELBOURNE,First Lord of the Treasury, c declaring that the natives of Africa were a species of the human race, not different from nor inferior in body or mind to the White inhabitants of Europe. am a man, eloquently writes the Black Legislator of Hayti, DE VASTEY, emancipated and selfgoverned. feel it in the whole of my being. I possess the faculties, mental and corporeal, which mark my affinity to a Divine original, and I feel humbled at finding myself compelled to enter into a serious refutation of such puerilities, such idle sophisms, to convince men like myself that I am their fellow. …
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.014 | 0.003 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.007 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Research integrity | 0.003 | 0.004 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.181 | 0.046 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".