Grand Trunk Pacific and the Establishment of the City of Prince George, 1911-1915
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Students of urban history in western Canada have long acknowledged that railways played an important role in determining the location and, to some extent, the nature of communities along their respective lines.During the past decade, however, many scholars have accorded this factor scant attention and followed the lead of Alan F. J. Artibise in concentrating on the activities of local elites as the key element in urban growth. 1 The major sources usually consulted for this type of urban biography -newspapers, Boards of Trade and municipal records -impart a bias which obscures or diminishes the role of external factors. 2 An examination of part of the legal records of the Grand Trunk Pacific Railway Company (GTP) concerning the establishment of the city of Prince George permits a broadening of the scope of analysis to include the actions of transcontinental railway company officers as well as those of local leaders.31 Artibise divides the factors of urban growth into external large-scale forces and internal civic responses in "In Pursuit of Growth: Municipal Boosterism and Urban Development in the Canadian Prairie West, 1871-1913," Shaping the Urban Landscape: Aspects of the Canadian City-Building Process, eds.G. A. Stelter and A. F. J. Artibise (Ottawa, 1982), p. 117.For a clear expression of his interest in the personal response, see Artibise, Winnipeg: A Social History of Urban Growth, 1874-1 gi4 (Montreal, 1975), p. 1.The exceptions which seek to examine the activities of railway companies in the development of particular communities include N. MacDonald, "The Canadian Pacific Railway and Vancouver's Development to 1900," BC Studies 35 (Autumn 1977), pp.3-35; and J. W. Brennan, "Business-Government Co-operation in Townsite Promotion in Regina and Moose Jaw," Town and City: Aspects of Western Canadian Urban Development, éd. A. F. J. Artibise (Regina, 1981), pp.95-120. 2 For his emphasis on these sources, see Artibise, "Researching Winnipeg," Urban History Review 2-72 (June 1972), pp.14-18.Others have noted this bias in both the sources and Artibise's findings.See N. H. Lithwick, review of Winnipeg: A Social History . .
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.005 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.019 | 0.008 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.012 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".